use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::ops::Index;

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum OpCode {
    Num(i32),
    Str(usize, usize),
    WordI(usize),
    Word(&'static str),
    Add,
    Sub,
    Ret,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub(super) struct ByteCode(pub(super) Vec<OpCode>);

impl ByteCode {
    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.0.len()
    }
}

impl Index<usize> for ByteCode {
    type Output = OpCode;

    fn index(&self, index: usize) -> &Self::Output {
        &self.0[index]
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub(super) struct InstructionPointer(pub(super) usize);

#[derive(Debug)]
pub(super) struct DataStack(pub(super) Vec<i32>);

#[derive(Debug)]
pub(super) struct CallStack(pub(super) Vec<InstructionPointer>);

#[derive(Debug)]
pub(super) struct WordList(pub(super) HashMap<&'static str, InstructionPointer>);

#[derive(Debug)]
pub(super) struct WordCatalog<'a>(pub(super) HashMap<&'a str, usize>);

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Interp {
    stack: DataStack,
    callstack: CallStack,
    wordlist: WordList,
    bytecode: ByteCode,
    ip: InstructionPointer,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum RuntimeError {
    StackUnderflow,
    UndefinedWord,
}

impl Interp {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            stack: DataStack(Vec::new()),
            callstack: CallStack(Vec::new()),
            wordlist: WordList(HashMap::new()),
            bytecode: ByteCode(Vec::new()),
            ip: InstructionPointer(0),
        }
    }

    pub fn tick(&mut self) -> Result<(), RuntimeError> {
        match self.bytecode[self.ip.0] {
            OpCode::Num(n) => self.stack.0.push(n),
            OpCode::Str(start, end) => eprintln!("got str: {} to {}", start, end),
            OpCode::Add => {
                let n1 = self.stack.0.pop().ok_or(RuntimeError::StackUnderflow)?;
                let n2 = self.stack.0.pop().ok_or(RuntimeError::StackUnderflow)?;
                self.stack.0.push(n2 + n1);
            },
            OpCode::Sub => {
                let n1 = self.stack.0.pop().ok_or(RuntimeError::StackUnderflow)?;
                let n2 = self.stack.0.pop().ok_or(RuntimeError::StackUnderflow)?;
                self.stack.0.push(n2 - n1);
            },
            OpCode::Ret => {
                let ip = self.callstack.0.pop().ok_or(RuntimeError::StackUnderflow)?;
                self.ip = ip;
            },
            OpCode::Word(w) => {
                let ip = self.wordlist.0.get(w).ok_or(RuntimeError::UndefinedWord)?;
                self.callstack.0.push(self.ip);
                self.ip.0 = ip.0 - 1; // we auto-increment at the end
            },
            OpCode::WordI(i) => {
                eprintln!("should jump to word based on index {}", i);
            }
        }
        self.ip.0 += 1;
        Ok(())
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use super::OpCode;

    #[test]
    fn simple_ticks() -> Result<(), RuntimeError> {

        let mut interp = Interp::new();
        interp.bytecode = ByteCode(vec![OpCode::Num(2), OpCode::Num(3), OpCode::Add]);
        interp.tick()?;
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[0], 2, "first argument");
        interp.tick()?;
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 2);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[1], 3, "second argument");
        interp.tick()?;
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 3);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[0], 5, "result of addition");

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn custom_word() -> Result<(), RuntimeError> {
        let mut interp = Interp::new();
        interp.bytecode = ByteCode(vec![
            OpCode::Num(2), OpCode::Num(3), OpCode::Word("sub"), OpCode::Num(-2), OpCode::Add,
            // "sub" definition
            OpCode::Sub, OpCode::Ret,
        ]);
        // 5 is offset of w
        interp.wordlist.0.insert("sub", InstructionPointer(5));
        interp.tick()?;
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[0], 2, "first argument");
        interp.tick()?;
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 2);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[1], 3, "second argument");

        interp.tick()?; // call sub
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 5);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 2);

        interp.tick()?; // -
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 6);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 1);

        interp.tick()?; // ret
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 3);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[0], -1, "result of sub word");

        interp.tick()?; // 2
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 4);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[1], -2, "post sub arg");

        interp.tick()?; // -
        assert_eq!(interp.ip.0, 5);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(interp.stack.0[0], -3, "add opcode result");

        Ok(())
    }
}